Your computer's Model Identifier and Serial Number are provided in About This Mac under the Apple Menu.
Apple Model Numbers are listed on the sales invoice and printed on the computer's shipping box. Apple Laptops also have their model number printed on the bottom of the case up by the hinges.
Mfg. ID Numbers are printed on the part itself.
EEE Code click on the "what's this?" link located by the EEE field name on each product's listing page.

ALSO: See the introductory overviews on individual product pages for model-specific tips and insights.